Posted by Sentence Correction — সকল নিয়ম বিস্তারিত
Sentence Correction বা বাক্য সংশোধন হলো এমন একটি প্রক্রিয়া, যেখানে একটি বাক্যে থাকা Grammar, Tense, Subject-Verb Agreement, Article, Preposition, Pronoun, Modifier, Voice, Narration, Word Choice, Parallelism, Redundancy ইত্যাদির ভুল শনাক্ত করে সঠিক বাক্য তৈরি করতে হয়।
১. Sentence Correction করার মূল বিষয়
একটি বাক্য সংশোধনের সময় প্রধানত নিচের বিষয়গুলো পরীক্ষা করতে হবে:
- Subject–Verb Agreement
- Tense
- Right Form of Verb
- Pronoun
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Article
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Number
- Degree
- Comparison
- Modifier
- Voice
- Narration
- Conditional Sentence
- Relative Pronoun
- Gerund
- Infinitive
- Participle
- Parallelism
- Redundancy
- Double Negative
- Misplaced Modifier
- Dangling Modifier
- Word Order
- Idiom & Phrase
- Commonly Confused Words
- Punctuation
২. Subject–Verb Agreement
এটি Sentence Correction-এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশগুলোর একটি।
Rule 1: Singular Subject → Singular Verb
He goes to school.
❌ He go to school.
Rule 2: Plural Subject → Plural Verb
They go to school.
❌ They goes to school.
Rule 3: He/She/It + Present Simple
সাধারণত verb-এর সঙ্গে s/es যুক্ত হয়।
He plays football.
She reads books.
The boy goes to school.
৩. Two subjects joined by AND
সাধারণত plural verb হয়।
Rahim and Karim are friends.
❌ Rahim and Karim is friends.
কিন্তু একটি unit/একটি ধারণা হলে singular হতে পারে:
Bread and butter is my breakfast.
৪. Each / Every
Each / Every + singular noun + singular verb
Each student has a book.
Every boy is present.
❌ Each student have a book.
৫. Each of / Every one of
Structure:
Each of + plural noun + singular verb
Each of the students has a book.
❌ Each of the students have a book.
৬. Either…or / Neither…nor
Verb সাধারণত নিকটবর্তী subject অনুযায়ী হয়।
Example:
Either Rahim or Karim is responsible.
Either the teacher or the students are responsible.
Neither the students nor the teacher is present.
Shortcut:
Nearest Subject → Verb
৭. As well as / Along with / Together with
মূল subject অনুযায়ী verb হবে।
Rahim, along with his friends, is going there.
এখানে মূল subject = Rahim
❌ Rahim, along with his friends, are going there.
৮. A number of / The number of
এটি পরীক্ষায় খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
A number of + plural noun + plural verb
A number of students are absent.
The number of + plural noun + singular verb
The number of students is increasing.
Shortcut:
A number → plural
The number → singular
৯. One of + plural noun
Structure:
One of + plural noun + singular verb
One of my friends is a doctor.
❌ One of my friends are a doctor.
১০. More than one
More than one + singular noun + singular verb
More than one student has failed.
যদিও অর্থে একাধিক বোঝায়, পরীক্ষার standard grammar-এ verb singular হয়।
১১. None of
Noun অনুযায়ী singular/plural verb হতে পারে।
None of the students are ready.
None of the information is useful.
১২. Collective Noun
যেমন:
- team
- committee
- family
- class
- jury
- army
- government
একটি unit হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হলে singular:
The team is strong.
ব্যক্তিদের আলাদাভাবে বোঝালে plural usage-ও হতে পারে, বিশেষত British English-এ:
The team are arguing among themselves.
১৩. Subject-এর পরে Prepositional Phrase
Subject-এর পরে of, with, along with, together with, as well as থাকলে এগুলো দেখে verb নির্ধারণ করবেন না।
The quality of the products is good.
এখানে subject = quality, products নয়।
❌ The quality of the products are good.
১৪. Tense Correction
Sentence Correction-এ tense-এর ভুল খুব সাধারণ।
Present Simple
Habit/general truth:
He goes to school every day.
Present Continuous
এখন চলছে:
He is reading now.
Present Perfect
অতীতে শুরু, বর্তমানের সঙ্গে সম্পর্ক:
He has finished the work.
Past Simple
অতীতের নির্দিষ্ট ঘটনা:
He went there yesterday.
Past Continuous
অতীতে চলমান:
He was reading when I came.
১৫. Since-এর ব্যবহার
Since + Past Simple → Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
He has lived here since he came here.
❌ He has lived here since he has come here.
১৬. For-এর ব্যবহার
For + period of time
He has lived here for five years.
Since:
since 2020
For:
for five years
১৭. Ago
Ago → Past Simple
He went there two years ago.
❌ He has gone there two years ago.
১৮. Yesterday / Last / Ago
সাধারণত Past Simple:
I met him yesterday.
He came last week.
She left two days ago.
১৯. Already / Just / Yet
Present Perfect-এর সঙ্গে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে।
He has already finished the work.
He has just arrived.
He has not arrived yet.
২০. No sooner
Structure:
No sooner had + Subject + V3 + than + Past Simple
No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
❌ No sooner had I reached the station when the train left.
২১. Hardly / Scarcely
Structure:
Hardly/Scarcely had + Subject + V3 + when + Past Simple
Hardly had I reached home when it started raining.
❌ Hardly had I reached home than…
২২. If Clause
Type 1
If you work hard, you will succeed.
❌ If you will work hard, you will succeed.
Type 2
If I were rich, I would help the poor.
Type 3
If he had studied hard, he would have passed.
২৩. Wish
Present unreal:
I wish I were rich.
Past regret:
I wish I had studied harder.
Future desire:
I wish he would come.
২৪. It is time / High time
এর পরে Subject থাকলে সাধারণত Past Simple:
It is time you went home.
It is high time we took action.
❌ It is high time we take action.
২৫. Would rather
Subject একই:
I would rather stay home.
Subject আলাদা:
I would rather you stayed home.
২৬. Had better
এর পরে V1:
You had better study.
❌ You had better to study.
২৭. Lest
Structure:
lest + subject + should + V1
Work hard lest you should fail.
❌ lest you should failed.
২৮. Article — A / An
A
Consonant sound-এর আগে:
a boy
a university
a European
a useful book
An
Vowel sound-এর আগে:
an apple
an hour
an honest man
an MBA
মনে রাখবেন:
Article letter নয়, sound অনুযায়ী ব্যবহৃত হয়।
২৯. The
নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি/বস্তু:
The book on the table is mine.
Superlative:
He is the best student.
Ordinal:
He came the first.
Unique object:
the sun
the moon
the earth
৩০. Zero Article
সাধারণ অর্থে plural/countable বা uncountable noun:
Books are useful.
Honesty is the best policy.
Languages:
I speak English.
Subjects:
He studies Mathematics.
৩১. Preposition Correction
Good at
He is good at English.
Interested in
He is interested in music.
Fond of
He is fond of reading.
Depend on
It depends on you.
Belong to
This book belongs to me.
Consist of
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
Comply with
He complied with the rules.
৩২. Different from
Standard usage:
He is different from his brother.
পরীক্ষায় different than সাধারণত এড়িয়ে চলুন।
৩৩. Prefer
Structure:
prefer A to B
I prefer tea to coffee.
❌ I prefer tea than coffee.
Verb হলে:
I prefer walking to driving.
৩৪. Senior / Junior / Superior / Inferior
এগুলোর পরে সাধারণত to, than নয়।
He is senior to me.
This quality is superior to that one.
This product is inferior to that one.
❌ senior than
❌ superior than
৩৫. Between / Among
Between
দুই ব্যক্তি/বস্তুর মধ্যে:
Divide it between Rahim and Karim.
Among
দুইয়ের বেশি:
He distributed the books among the students.
৩৬. Beside / Besides
Beside
পাশে:
He sat beside me.
Besides
এছাড়াও:
Besides English, he knows Arabic.
৩৭. In / Into
In
অবস্থান:
He is in the room.
Into
ভেতরে প্রবেশ:
He went into the room.
৩৮. On / Upon
অবস্থান:
The book is on the table.
কোনো কাজের সঙ্গে সঙ্গে:
On seeing me, he ran away.
৩৯. By / With
By
কর্তা/মাধ্যম:
The poem was written by him.
With
যন্ত্র/উপকরণ:
He cut it with a knife.
৪০. Since / From
Since
Past starting point + continuing:
I have lived here since 2020.
From
শুরু বোঝায়:
The office is open from 9 a.m.
৪১. Pronoun Correction
Pronoun অবশ্যই antecedent-এর সঙ্গে মিলবে।
Every student should bring his or her book.
Modern inclusive writing-এ their-ও ব্যবহৃত হয়, তবে পরীক্ষায় প্রচলিত grammar pattern অনুযায়ী প্রশ্নের context অনুসরণ করতে হবে।
৪২. Between you and I — ভুল
Preposition-এর পরে objective pronoun:
between you and me
❌ between you and I
কারণ:
between + object
৪৩. One should do one’s duty
Formal grammar:
One should do one’s duty.
❌ One should do his duty.
৪৪. Who / Whom
Who = Subject
Who came here?
Whom = Object
Whom did you meet?
Shortcut:
যদি answer হিসেবে he হয় → Who
যদি him হয় → Whom
৪৫. Adjective বনাম Adverb
Verb modify করলে সাধারণত adverb:
He runs quickly.
Adjective noun modify করে:
He is a quick runner.
৪৬. Good / Well
Good = adjective
He is a good player.
Well = adverb
He plays well.
তবে health বোঝাতে:
I am well.
৪৭. Hard / Hardly
Hard
পরিশ্রম করে/কঠোরভাবে:
He works hard.
Hardly
প্রায় না:
He hardly works.
অর্থ সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন।
৪৮. Late / Lately
Late
দেরিতে:
He came late.
Lately
সম্প্রতি:
I haven’t seen him lately.
৪৯. Near / Nearly
Near
কাছে:
He lives near the school.
Nearly
প্রায়:
Nearly all students passed.
৫০. Adjective-এর ভুল ব্যবহার
❌ He is a beautifully boy.
✅ He is a beautiful boy.
কারণ boy noun-কে adjective modify করবে।
৫১. Double Comparative
❌ more better
❌ more easier
❌ most best
✅ better
✅ easier
✅ best
৫২. Comparative-এর পরে Than
Rahim is taller than Karim.
❌ Rahim is taller from Karim.
৫৩. One of the + Superlative + Plural Noun
Structure:
one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun
He is one of the best students in the class.
❌ one of the best student
৫৪. No other
Structure:
No other + singular noun + as…as
No other boy is as intelligent as Rahim.
অথবা:
Rahim is more intelligent than any other boy.
৫৫. Double Negative
একই clause-এ দুটি negative ব্যবহার করলে অর্থের সমস্যা হতে পারে।
❌ I don’t know nothing.
Standard English:
✅ I don’t know anything.
অথবা:
✅ I know nothing.
৫৬. Redundancy
অপ্রয়োজনীয় একই অর্থের শব্দ বাদ দিতে হবে।
❌ Return back
✅ Return
❌ Repeat again
✅ Repeat
❌ Enter into the room
সাধারণ ক্ষেত্রে:
✅ Enter the room.
❌ Discuss about the matter
✅ Discuss the matter.
❌ Revert back
✅ Revert / return
৫৭. Parallelism
একই structure-এর তালিকায় একই grammatical form থাকতে হবে।
❌ He likes reading, swimming and to play football.
✅ He likes reading, swimming and playing football.
আরেকটি:
❌ She wants to sing, dancing and acting.
✅ She wants to sing, dance and act.
৫৮. Either…or Parallelism
❌ He will either go by bus or walking.
✅ He will either go by bus or walk.
৫৯. Both…and
দুটি parallel element:
He is both intelligent and hardworking.
❌ He is both intelligent and works hard.
৬০. Not only…but also
দুটি অংশ parallel হতে হবে।
He is not only intelligent but also hardworking.
অথবা:
He not only reads but also writes.
৬১. Misplaced Modifier
Modifier ভুল জায়গায় থাকলে অর্থ পরিবর্তিত হয়।
❌ He almost drove his car for six hours.
যদি অর্থ হয় ছয় ঘণ্টার কাছাকাছি সময় drive করেছে:
✅ He drove his car for almost six hours.
৬২. Dangling Modifier
Modifier-এর logical subject থাকতে হবে।
❌ Walking down the road, the trees looked beautiful.
এখানে মনে হচ্ছে trees হাঁটছে।
✅ Walking down the road, I found the trees beautiful.
৬৩. Participial Phrase
Present participle:
V-ing
Seeing the police, the thief ran away.
Past participle:
V3
Tired by the journey, he went to bed.
৬৪. Gerund vs Infinitive
কিছু verb-এর পরে Gerund:
- enjoy
- avoid
- admit
- deny
- finish
- mind
- practice
He enjoys reading.
কিছু verb-এর পরে infinitive:
- want
- hope
- decide
- plan
- agree
- refuse
He decided to go.
৬৫. Stop
অর্থের ওপর structure পরিবর্তিত হয়।
Stop + V-ing
কাজটি বন্ধ করা:
He stopped smoking.
Stop + to + V1
অন্য একটি কাজ করার জন্য থামা:
He stopped to smoke.
৬৬. Remember
Remember + V-ing
অতীতে করা কাজ মনে থাকা:
I remember meeting him.
Remember + to + V1
কাজটি করতে মনে রাখা:
Remember to call me.
৬৭. Try
Try + V-ing
কোনো পদ্ধতি পরীক্ষা করা:
Try using this method.
Try + to + V1
কাজটি করার চেষ্টা করা:
Try to solve the problem.
৬৮. Used to
অতীতের অভ্যাস:
I used to play football.
❌ I used to played football.
Be used to
অভ্যস্ত:
I am used to working hard.
Get used to
অভ্যস্ত হয়ে ওঠা:
He is getting used to living alone.
৬৯. Make / Let
Make + object + V1
The teacher made him stand.
❌ made him to stand
Let + object + V1
Let me go.
৭০. Causative Have
Have + object + V3
I had my hair cut.
অর্থ: আমি অন্য কাউকে দিয়ে চুল কাটিয়েছি।
৭১. Causative Get
Get + object + V3
I got my car repaired.
৭২. Voice Correction
Active:
He writes a letter.
Passive:
A letter is written by him.
Tense বজায় রাখতে হবে।
Present Simple:
is/am/are + V3
Past Simple:
was/were + V3
Present Perfect:
has/have been + V3
Past Perfect:
had been + V3
Modal:
modal + be + V3
৭৩. Common Voice Error
❌ The work is completed by him yesterday.
কারণ yesterday → Past Simple
✅ The work was completed by him yesterday.
৭৪. Narration Correction
Direct:
He said, “I am busy.”
Indirect:
He said that he was busy.
তবে universal truth হলে tense backshift নাও হতে পারে:
The teacher said, “The earth is round.”
→ The teacher said that the earth is round.
৭৫. Question Formation
Present Simple
Where does he live?
❌ Where he lives?
Past Simple
Where did he go?
❌ Where did he went?
কারণ did + V1
৭৬. Modal Verb
Can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must-এর পরে:
V1
Example:
He can swim.
❌ He can swims.
You should study.
❌ You should studied.
He must go.
❌ He must goes.
৭৭. Need / Dare
Modal হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হলে:
You need not go.
He dare not say it.
Ordinary verb হলে:
He doesn’t need to go.
৭৮. Common Confusing Words
Accept / Except
Accept = গ্রহণ করা
Except = বাদে
I accept your proposal.
Everyone came except Rahim.
Affect / Effect
Affect = প্রভাবিত করা
Effect = ফলাফল/প্রভাব
The weather affected me.
The medicine had a good effect.
Advice / Advise
Advice = noun
He gave me good advice.
Advise = verb
He advised me to study.
Principal / Principle
Principal = প্রধান / অধ্যক্ষ
Principle = নীতি
Stationary / Stationery
Stationary = স্থির
Stationery = লেখার সামগ্রী
৭৯. Commonly Wrong Expressions
| ভুল | সঠিক |
| discuss about | discuss |
| order for | order |
| return back | return |
| repeat again | repeat |
| more better | better |
| more preferable | preferable |
| prefer than | prefer to |
| senior than | senior to |
| superior than | superior to |
| inferior than | inferior to |
| different than | different from |
| enter into the room | enter the room |
| married with | married to |
| die from cancer | die of cancer |
| good in English | good at English |
| interested on | interested in |
| capable to do | capable of doing |
| look forward to meet | look forward to meeting |
| accustomed to work | accustomed to working |
৮০. Look forward to
এখানে to preposition, infinitive marker নয়।
তাই:
I look forward to meeting you.
❌ I look forward to meet you.
৮১. Accustomed to
He is accustomed to working hard.
❌ accustomed to work
কারণ এখানে to = preposition।
৮২. Capable of
He is capable of doing the work.
❌ capable to do
৮৩. Prevent
Structure:
prevent + object + from + V-ing
The rain prevented us from going outside.
৮৪. Avoid
avoid + V-ing
Avoid making noise.
❌ Avoid to make noise.
৮৫. Enjoy
enjoy + V-ing
I enjoy reading books.
❌ I enjoy to read books.
৮৬. Finish
finish + V-ing
He finished writing the letter.
৮৭. Mind
mind + V-ing
Would you mind opening the door?
৮৮. Sentence Correction-এর জন্য Final Checking Method
পরীক্ষায় একটি sentence দেখলে এই ১৫ ধাপ অনুসরণ করুন:
Step 1
প্রথমে Subject খুঁজুন।
Step 2
Subject singular না plural দেখুন।
Step 3
Verb-এর form পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 4
Tense চিহ্নিত করুন।
Step 5
Auxiliary verb ঠিক আছে কি না দেখুন।
Step 6
Article পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 7
Preposition পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 8
Pronoun-এর antecedent পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 9
Adjective/Adverb পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 10
Comparison পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 11
Conjunction পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 12
Conditional structure পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 13
Gerund/Infinitive পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 14
Redundancy/double negative খুঁজুন।
Step 15
শেষে পুরো বাক্যটি পড়ে দেখুন—অর্থ ও grammar দুটোই ঠিক আছে কি না।
⭐ Sentence Correction Master Checklist
পরীক্ষার হলে দ্রুত মনে রাখুন:
Subject → Verb → Tense → Article → Pronoun → Preposition → Adjective → Adverb → Comparison → Conjunction → Conditional → Gerund/Infinitive → Modifier → Parallelism → Redundancy
এই ক্রমে sentence পরীক্ষা করলে ভুল ধরার সম্ভাবনা অনেক বেড়ে যায়।
সবচেয়ে বেশি পরীক্ষায় আসা অংশ
১. Subject-Verb Agreement
২. Tense
৩. Article
৪. Preposition
৫. Right Form of Verb
৬. Conditional
৭. Pronoun
৮. Degree/Comparison
৯. Gerund/Infinitive
১০. No sooner/Hardly/Scarcely
১১. It is high time
১২. Would rather/Had better
১৩. Modifier
১৪. Parallelism
১৫. Redundancy
এগুলোকে ভালোভাবে আয়ত্ত করলে চাকরির পরীক্ষার Sentence Correction অংশের জন্য শক্ত ভিত্তি তৈরি হবে।Sentence Correction — সকল নিয়ম বিস্তারিত
Sentence Correction বা বাক্য সংশোধন হলো এমন একটি প্রক্রিয়া, যেখানে একটি বাক্যে থাকা Grammar, Tense, Subject-Verb Agreement, Article, Preposition, Pronoun, Modifier, Voice, Narration, Word Choice, Parallelism, Redundancy ইত্যাদির ভুল শনাক্ত করে সঠিক বাক্য তৈরি করতে হয়।
১. Sentence Correction করার মূল বিষয়
একটি বাক্য সংশোধনের সময় প্রধানত নিচের বিষয়গুলো পরীক্ষা করতে হবে:
- Subject–Verb Agreement
- Tense
- Right Form of Verb
- Pronoun
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Article
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Number
- Degree
- Comparison
- Modifier
- Voice
- Narration
- Conditional Sentence
- Relative Pronoun
- Gerund
- Infinitive
- Participle
- Parallelism
- Redundancy
- Double Negative
- Misplaced Modifier
- Dangling Modifier
- Word Order
- Idiom & Phrase
- Commonly Confused Words
- Punctuation
২. Subject–Verb Agreement
এটি Sentence Correction-এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশগুলোর একটি।
Rule 1: Singular Subject → Singular Verb
He goes to school.
❌ He go to school.
Rule 2: Plural Subject → Plural Verb
They go to school.
❌ They goes to school.
Rule 3: He/She/It + Present Simple
সাধারণত verb-এর সঙ্গে s/es যুক্ত হয়।
He plays football.
She reads books.
The boy goes to school.
৩. Two subjects joined by AND
সাধারণত plural verb হয়।
Rahim and Karim are friends.
❌ Rahim and Karim is friends.
কিন্তু একটি unit/একটি ধারণা হলে singular হতে পারে:
Bread and butter is my breakfast.
৪. Each / Every
Each / Every + singular noun + singular verb
Each student has a book.
Every boy is present.
❌ Each student have a book.
৫. Each of / Every one of
Structure:
Each of + plural noun + singular verb
Each of the students has a book.
❌ Each of the students have a book.
৬. Either…or / Neither…nor
Verb সাধারণত নিকটবর্তী subject অনুযায়ী হয়।
Example:
Either Rahim or Karim is responsible.
Either the teacher or the students are responsible.
Neither the students nor the teacher is present.
Shortcut:
Nearest Subject → Verb
৭. As well as / Along with / Together with
মূল subject অনুযায়ী verb হবে।
Rahim, along with his friends, is going there.
এখানে মূল subject = Rahim
❌ Rahim, along with his friends, are going there.
৮. A number of / The number of
এটি পরীক্ষায় খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
A number of + plural noun + plural verb
A number of students are absent.
The number of + plural noun + singular verb
The number of students is increasing.
Shortcut:
A number → plural
The number → singular
৯. One of + plural noun
Structure:
One of + plural noun + singular verb
One of my friends is a doctor.
❌ One of my friends are a doctor.
১০. More than one
More than one + singular noun + singular verb
More than one student has failed.
যদিও অর্থে একাধিক বোঝায়, পরীক্ষার standard grammar-এ verb singular হয়।
১১. None of
Noun অনুযায়ী singular/plural verb হতে পারে।
None of the students are ready.
None of the information is useful.
১২. Collective Noun
যেমন:
- team
- committee
- family
- class
- jury
- army
- government
একটি unit হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হলে singular:
The team is strong.
ব্যক্তিদের আলাদাভাবে বোঝালে plural usage-ও হতে পারে, বিশেষত British English-এ:
The team are arguing among themselves.
১৩. Subject-এর পরে Prepositional Phrase
Subject-এর পরে of, with, along with, together with, as well as থাকলে এগুলো দেখে verb নির্ধারণ করবেন না।
The quality of the products is good.
এখানে subject = quality, products নয়।
❌ The quality of the products are good.
১৪. Tense Correction
Sentence Correction-এ tense-এর ভুল খুব সাধারণ।
Present Simple
Habit/general truth:
He goes to school every day.
Present Continuous
এখন চলছে:
He is reading now.
Present Perfect
অতীতে শুরু, বর্তমানের সঙ্গে সম্পর্ক:
He has finished the work.
Past Simple
অতীতের নির্দিষ্ট ঘটনা:
He went there yesterday.
Past Continuous
অতীতে চলমান:
He was reading when I came.
১৫. Since-এর ব্যবহার
Since + Past Simple → Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
He has lived here since he came here.
❌ He has lived here since he has come here.
১৬. For-এর ব্যবহার
For + period of time
He has lived here for five years.
Since:
since 2020
For:
for five years
১৭. Ago
Ago → Past Simple
He went there two years ago.
❌ He has gone there two years ago.
১৮. Yesterday / Last / Ago
সাধারণত Past Simple:
I met him yesterday.
He came last week.
She left two days ago.
১৯. Already / Just / Yet
Present Perfect-এর সঙ্গে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে।
He has already finished the work.
He has just arrived.
He has not arrived yet.
২০. No sooner
Structure:
No sooner had + Subject + V3 + than + Past Simple
No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
❌ No sooner had I reached the station when the train left.
২১. Hardly / Scarcely
Structure:
Hardly/Scarcely had + Subject + V3 + when + Past Simple
Hardly had I reached home when it started raining.
❌ Hardly had I reached home than…
২২. If Clause
Type 1
If you work hard, you will succeed.
❌ If you will work hard, you will succeed.
Type 2
If I were rich, I would help the poor.
Type 3
If he had studied hard, he would have passed.
২৩. Wish
Present unreal:
I wish I were rich.
Past regret:
I wish I had studied harder.
Future desire:
I wish he would come.
২৪. It is time / High time
এর পরে Subject থাকলে সাধারণত Past Simple:
It is time you went home.
It is high time we took action.
❌ It is high time we take action.
২৫. Would rather
Subject একই:
I would rather stay home.
Subject আলাদা:
I would rather you stayed home.
২৬. Had better
এর পরে V1:
You had better study.
❌ You had better to study.
২৭. Lest
Structure:
lest + subject + should + V1
Work hard lest you should fail.
❌ lest you should failed.
২৮. Article — A / An
A
Consonant sound-এর আগে:
a boy
a university
a European
a useful book
An
Vowel sound-এর আগে:
an apple
an hour
an honest man
an MBA
মনে রাখবেন:
Article letter নয়, sound অনুযায়ী ব্যবহৃত হয়।
২৯. The
নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি/বস্তু:
The book on the table is mine.
Superlative:
He is the best student.
Ordinal:
He came the first.
Unique object:
the sun
the moon
the earth
৩০. Zero Article
সাধারণ অর্থে plural/countable বা uncountable noun:
Books are useful.
Honesty is the best policy.
Languages:
I speak English.
Subjects:
He studies Mathematics.
৩১. Preposition Correction
Good at
He is good at English.
Interested in
He is interested in music.
Fond of
He is fond of reading.
Depend on
It depends on you.
Belong to
This book belongs to me.
Consist of
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
Comply with
He complied with the rules.
৩২. Different from
Standard usage:
He is different from his brother.
পরীক্ষায় different than সাধারণত এড়িয়ে চলুন।
৩৩. Prefer
Structure:
prefer A to B
I prefer tea to coffee.
❌ I prefer tea than coffee.
Verb হলে:
I prefer walking to driving.
৩৪. Senior / Junior / Superior / Inferior
এগুলোর পরে সাধারণত to, than নয়।
He is senior to me.
This quality is superior to that one.
This product is inferior to that one.
❌ senior than
❌ superior than
৩৫. Between / Among
Between
দুই ব্যক্তি/বস্তুর মধ্যে:
Divide it between Rahim and Karim.
Among
দুইয়ের বেশি:
He distributed the books among the students.
৩৬. Beside / Besides
Beside
পাশে:
He sat beside me.
Besides
এছাড়াও:
Besides English, he knows Arabic.
৩৭. In / Into
In
অবস্থান:
He is in the room.
Into
ভেতরে প্রবেশ:
He went into the room.
৩৮. On / Upon
অবস্থান:
The book is on the table.
কোনো কাজের সঙ্গে সঙ্গে:
On seeing me, he ran away.
৩৯. By / With
By
কর্তা/মাধ্যম:
The poem was written by him.
With
যন্ত্র/উপকরণ:
He cut it with a knife.
৪০. Since / From
Since
Past starting point + continuing:
I have lived here since 2020.
From
শুরু বোঝায়:
The office is open from 9 a.m.
৪১. Pronoun Correction
Pronoun অবশ্যই antecedent-এর সঙ্গে মিলবে।
Every student should bring his or her book.
Modern inclusive writing-এ their-ও ব্যবহৃত হয়, তবে পরীক্ষায় প্রচলিত grammar pattern অনুযায়ী প্রশ্নের context অনুসরণ করতে হবে।
৪২. Between you and I — ভুল
Preposition-এর পরে objective pronoun:
between you and me
❌ between you and I
কারণ:
between + object
৪৩. One should do one’s duty
Formal grammar:
One should do one’s duty.
❌ One should do his duty.
৪৪. Who / Whom
Who = Subject
Who came here?
Whom = Object
Whom did you meet?
Shortcut:
যদি answer হিসেবে he হয় → Who
যদি him হয় → Whom
৪৫. Adjective বনাম Adverb
Verb modify করলে সাধারণত adverb:
He runs quickly.
Adjective noun modify করে:
He is a quick runner.
৪৬. Good / Well
Good = adjective
He is a good player.
Well = adverb
He plays well.
তবে health বোঝাতে:
I am well.
৪৭. Hard / Hardly
Hard
পরিশ্রম করে/কঠোরভাবে:
He works hard.
Hardly
প্রায় না:
He hardly works.
অর্থ সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন।
৪৮. Late / Lately
Late
দেরিতে:
He came late.
Lately
সম্প্রতি:
I haven’t seen him lately.
৪৯. Near / Nearly
Near
কাছে:
He lives near the school.
Nearly
প্রায়:
Nearly all students passed.
৫০. Adjective-এর ভুল ব্যবহার
❌ He is a beautifully boy.
✅ He is a beautiful boy.
কারণ boy noun-কে adjective modify করবে।
৫১. Double Comparative
❌ more better
❌ more easier
❌ most best
✅ better
✅ easier
✅ best
৫২. Comparative-এর পরে Than
Rahim is taller than Karim.
❌ Rahim is taller from Karim.
৫৩. One of the + Superlative + Plural Noun
Structure:
one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun
He is one of the best students in the class.
❌ one of the best student
৫৪. No other
Structure:
No other + singular noun + as…as
No other boy is as intelligent as Rahim.
অথবা:
Rahim is more intelligent than any other boy.
৫৫. Double Negative
একই clause-এ দুটি negative ব্যবহার করলে অর্থের সমস্যা হতে পারে।
❌ I don’t know nothing.
Standard English:
✅ I don’t know anything.
অথবা:
✅ I know nothing.
৫৬. Redundancy
অপ্রয়োজনীয় একই অর্থের শব্দ বাদ দিতে হবে।
❌ Return back
✅ Return
❌ Repeat again
✅ Repeat
❌ Enter into the room
সাধারণ ক্ষেত্রে:
✅ Enter the room.
❌ Discuss about the matter
✅ Discuss the matter.
❌ Revert back
✅ Revert / return
৫৭. Parallelism
একই structure-এর তালিকায় একই grammatical form থাকতে হবে।
❌ He likes reading, swimming and to play football.
✅ He likes reading, swimming and playing football.
আরেকটি:
❌ She wants to sing, dancing and acting.
✅ She wants to sing, dance and act.
৫৮. Either…or Parallelism
❌ He will either go by bus or walking.
✅ He will either go by bus or walk.
৫৯. Both…and
দুটি parallel element:
He is both intelligent and hardworking.
❌ He is both intelligent and works hard.
৬০. Not only…but also
দুটি অংশ parallel হতে হবে।
He is not only intelligent but also hardworking.
অথবা:
He not only reads but also writes.
৬১. Misplaced Modifier
Modifier ভুল জায়গায় থাকলে অর্থ পরিবর্তিত হয়।
❌ He almost drove his car for six hours.
যদি অর্থ হয় ছয় ঘণ্টার কাছাকাছি সময় drive করেছে:
✅ He drove his car for almost six hours.
৬২. Dangling Modifier
Modifier-এর logical subject থাকতে হবে।
❌ Walking down the road, the trees looked beautiful.
এখানে মনে হচ্ছে trees হাঁটছে।
✅ Walking down the road, I found the trees beautiful.
৬৩. Participial Phrase
Present participle:
V-ing
Seeing the police, the thief ran away.
Past participle:
V3
Tired by the journey, he went to bed.
৬৪. Gerund vs Infinitive
কিছু verb-এর পরে Gerund:
- enjoy
- avoid
- admit
- deny
- finish
- mind
- practice
He enjoys reading.
কিছু verb-এর পরে infinitive:
- want
- hope
- decide
- plan
- agree
- refuse
He decided to go.
৬৫. Stop
অর্থের ওপর structure পরিবর্তিত হয়।
Stop + V-ing
কাজটি বন্ধ করা:
He stopped smoking.
Stop + to + V1
অন্য একটি কাজ করার জন্য থামা:
He stopped to smoke.
৬৬. Remember
Remember + V-ing
অতীতে করা কাজ মনে থাকা:
I remember meeting him.
Remember + to + V1
কাজটি করতে মনে রাখা:
Remember to call me.
৬৭. Try
Try + V-ing
কোনো পদ্ধতি পরীক্ষা করা:
Try using this method.
Try + to + V1
কাজটি করার চেষ্টা করা:
Try to solve the problem.
৬৮. Used to
অতীতের অভ্যাস:
I used to play football.
❌ I used to played football.
Be used to
অভ্যস্ত:
I am used to working hard.
Get used to
অভ্যস্ত হয়ে ওঠা:
He is getting used to living alone.
৬৯. Make / Let
Make + object + V1
The teacher made him stand.
❌ made him to stand
Let + object + V1
Let me go.
৭০. Causative Have
Have + object + V3
I had my hair cut.
অর্থ: আমি অন্য কাউকে দিয়ে চুল কাটিয়েছি।
৭১. Causative Get
Get + object + V3
I got my car repaired.
৭২. Voice Correction
Active:
He writes a letter.
Passive:
A letter is written by him.
Tense বজায় রাখতে হবে।
Present Simple:
is/am/are + V3
Past Simple:
was/were + V3
Present Perfect:
has/have been + V3
Past Perfect:
had been + V3
Modal:
modal + be + V3
৭৩. Common Voice Error
❌ The work is completed by him yesterday.
কারণ yesterday → Past Simple
✅ The work was completed by him yesterday.
৭৪. Narration Correction
Direct:
He said, “I am busy.”
Indirect:
He said that he was busy.
তবে universal truth হলে tense backshift নাও হতে পারে:
The teacher said, “The earth is round.”
→ The teacher said that the earth is round.
৭৫. Question Formation
Present Simple
Where does he live?
❌ Where he lives?
Past Simple
Where did he go?
❌ Where did he went?
কারণ did + V1
৭৬. Modal Verb
Can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must-এর পরে:
V1
Example:
He can swim.
❌ He can swims.
You should study.
❌ You should studied.
He must go.
❌ He must goes.
৭৭. Need / Dare
Modal হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হলে:
You need not go.
He dare not say it.
Ordinary verb হলে:
He doesn’t need to go.
৭৮. Common Confusing Words
Accept / Except
Accept = গ্রহণ করা
Except = বাদে
I accept your proposal.
Everyone came except Rahim.
Affect / Effect
Affect = প্রভাবিত করা
Effect = ফলাফল/প্রভাব
The weather affected me.
The medicine had a good effect.
Advice / Advise
Advice = noun
He gave me good advice.
Advise = verb
He advised me to study.
Principal / Principle
Principal = প্রধান / অধ্যক্ষ
Principle = নীতি
Stationary / Stationery
Stationary = স্থির
Stationery = লেখার সামগ্রী
৭৯. Commonly Wrong Expressions
| ভুল | সঠিক |
| discuss about | discuss |
| order for | order |
| return back | return |
| repeat again | repeat |
| more better | better |
| more preferable | preferable |
| prefer than | prefer to |
| senior than | senior to |
| superior than | superior to |
| inferior than | inferior to |
| different than | different from |
| enter into the room | enter the room |
| married with | married to |
| die from cancer | die of cancer |
| good in English | good at English |
| interested on | interested in |
| capable to do | capable of doing |
| look forward to meet | look forward to meeting |
| accustomed to work | accustomed to working |
৮০. Look forward to
এখানে to preposition, infinitive marker নয়।
তাই:
I look forward to meeting you.
❌ I look forward to meet you.
৮১. Accustomed to
He is accustomed to working hard.
❌ accustomed to work
কারণ এখানে to = preposition।
৮২. Capable of
He is capable of doing the work.
❌ capable to do
৮৩. Prevent
Structure:
prevent + object + from + V-ing
The rain prevented us from going outside.
৮৪. Avoid
avoid + V-ing
Avoid making noise.
❌ Avoid to make noise.
৮৫. Enjoy
enjoy + V-ing
I enjoy reading books.
❌ I enjoy to read books.
৮৬. Finish
finish + V-ing
He finished writing the letter.
৮৭. Mind
mind + V-ing
Would you mind opening the door?
৮৮. Sentence Correction-এর জন্য Final Checking Method
পরীক্ষায় একটি sentence দেখলে এই ১৫ ধাপ অনুসরণ করুন:
Step 1
প্রথমে Subject খুঁজুন।
Step 2
Subject singular না plural দেখুন।
Step 3
Verb-এর form পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 4
Tense চিহ্নিত করুন।
Step 5
Auxiliary verb ঠিক আছে কি না দেখুন।
Step 6
Article পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 7
Preposition পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 8
Pronoun-এর antecedent পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 9
Adjective/Adverb পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 10
Comparison পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 11
Conjunction পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 12
Conditional structure পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 13
Gerund/Infinitive পরীক্ষা করুন।
Step 14
Redundancy/double negative খুঁজুন।
Step 15
শেষে পুরো বাক্যটি পড়ে দেখুন—অর্থ ও grammar দুটোই ঠিক আছে কি না।
⭐ Sentence Correction Master Checklist
পরীক্ষার হলে দ্রুত মনে রাখুন:
Subject → Verb → Tense → Article → Pronoun → Preposition → Adjective → Adverb → Comparison → Conjunction → Conditional → Gerund/Infinitive → Modifier → Parallelism → Redundancy
এই ক্রমে sentence পরীক্ষা করলে ভুল ধরার সম্ভাবনা অনেক বেড়ে যায়।
সবচেয়ে বেশি পরীক্ষায় আসা অংশ
১. Subject-Verb Agreement
২. Tense
৩. Article
৪. Preposition
৫. Right Form of Verb
৬. Conditional
৭. Pronoun
৮. Degree/Comparison
৯. Gerund/Infinitive
১০. No sooner/Hardly/Scarcely
১১. It is high time
১২. Would rather/Had better
১৩. Modifier
১৪. Parallelism
১৫. Redundancy
এগুলোকে ভালোভাবে আয়ত্ত করলে চাকরির পরীক্ষার Sentence Correction অংশের জন্য শক্ত ভিত্তি তৈরি হবে।