Posted by Assertive → Interrogative Transformation-এর সকল গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Rules
Assertive Sentence হলো যে বাক্যে কোনো statement/বক্তব্য প্রকাশ করা হয়।
Interrogative Sentence হলো যে বাক্যে প্রশ্ন করা হয়।
Transformation-এর মূল শর্ত:
বাক্যের অর্থ অপরিবর্তিত রাখতে হবে।
Example
Assertive: He is a good boy.
Interrogative: Is he not a good boy?
দুটির অর্থ মূলত একই—সে ভালো ছেলে।
১. Assertive → Interrogative করার মূল নিয়ম
Assertive বাক্যকে Interrogative করার সময় সাধারণত:
- Auxiliary verb-কে Subject-এর আগে আনতে হবে।
- Positive Assertive হলে অনেক সময় negative interrogative করতে হয়।
- Negative Assertive হলে অনেক সময় positive interrogative করতে হয়।
- শেষে ? বসবে।
- অর্থ অবশ্যই একই রাখতে হবে।
২. Positive Assertive → Negative Interrogative
সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নিয়ম।
Pattern:
Assertive:
Subject + Auxiliary + Positive statement.
↓
Interrogative:
Auxiliary + Subject + not + …?
Example:
He is an honest man.
→ Is he not an honest man?
আরও উদাহরণ
He is a good student.
→ Is he not a good student?
She is beautiful.
→ Is she not beautiful?
They are happy.
→ Are they not happy?
৩. Negative Assertive → Positive Interrogative
Assertive বাক্য Negative হলে সাধারণত not বাদ দিয়ে Interrogative করা হয়।
Example:
He is not a bad boy.
→ Is he a bad boy?
He is not dishonest.
→ Is he dishonest?
Nobody can deny that he is honest.
→ Who can deny that he is honest?
এখানে rhetorical question ব্যবহার হয়েছে।
৪. Be Verb থাকলে
যদি Assertive sentence-এ am/is/are/was/were থাকে, তাহলে সেটিকে Subject-এর আগে বসাতে হবে।
Present
He is honest.
→ Is he not honest?
They are happy.
→ Are they not happy?
Past
He was sincere.
→ Was he not sincere?
They were present.
→ Were they not present?
৫. I am থাকলে
I am-এর interrogative form:
Am I not…?
Example
I am a fool.
→ Am I not a fool?
I am responsible for this.
→ Am I not responsible for this?
৬. Modal Verb থাকলে
যদি can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must থাকে, তাহলে modal-কে Subject-এর আগে বসাতে হবে।
Example:
He can do the work.
→ Can he not do the work?
We should obey our parents.
→ Should we not obey our parents?
He will come.
→ Will he not come?
You must respect your parents.
→ Must you not respect your parents?
৭. Main Verb থাকলে Do/Does/Did
যদি Assertive sentence-এ auxiliary verb না থাকে এবং Present Simple/Past Simple হয়, তাহলে:
- Present Simple → do/does
- Past Simple → did
ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
Present Simple
He plays football.
→ Does he not play football?
They play football.
→ Do they not play football?
Past Simple
He went to school.
→ Did he not go to school?
⚠️ did ব্যবহারের পর মূল verb হবে V1।
❌ Did he not went?
✅ Did he not go?
৮. Everybody/Everyone থাকলে
এটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
Assertive:
Everybody loves flowers.
Interrogative:
Who does not love flowers?
আরেকটি:
Everyone respects a brave man.
→ Who does not respect a brave man?
Formula:
Everybody/Everyone + positive verb
→ Who + auxiliary + not + verb…?
৯. Nobody/No one থাকলে
Negative sense থাকায় Interrogative-এ অনেক সময় Who ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Example:
Nobody can deny his honesty.
→ Who can deny his honesty?
No one can escape death.
→ Who can escape death?
১০. There is nobody…
There is nobody who does not love his mother.
→ Who does not love his mother?
১১. Nothing থাকলে
Nothing-এর পরিবর্তে অনেক সময় What ব্যবহার করা যায়।
Example:
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
→ What is impossible to a willing heart?
তবে সব sentence-এ সরাসরি nothing → what করা যাবে না; অর্থ ও বাক্যের কাঠামো দেখতে হবে।
১২. Nothing but থাকলে
Nothing but hard work can bring success.
→ What but hard work can bring success?
এটি সাহিত্যিক/রhetorical style; চাকরির পরীক্ষায় context অনুযায়ী আসতে পারে।
১৩. Only থাকলে
Only-যুক্ত Assertive sentence-কে Interrogative করার সময় অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Who/What/Can anyone… ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Example:
Only God can help us.
→ Who but God can help us?
অথবা:
Can anyone but God help us?
আরেকটি:
Only a fool can do this.
→ Who but a fool can do this?
১৪. Only + Person → Who but
Only Rahim can solve the problem.
→ Who but Rahim can solve the problem?
১৫. Only + Thing → What but
Only hard work can bring success.
→ What but hard work can bring success?
১৬. Every/Each থাকলে
Every বা Each দিয়ে সাধারণ সত্য/সর্বজনীন বক্তব্য থাকলে Who does not / What does not ব্যবহার করা যায়।
Example:
Every mother loves her child.
→ What mother does not love her child?
অথবা:
Who does not know that every mother loves her child?
১৭. All থাকলে
Example:
All men are mortal.
→ Who does not know that all men are mortal?
অর্থ: সবাই জানে যে মানুষ মরণশীল।
১৮. Always থাকলে
Always-যুক্ত statement-কে rhetorical question-এ রূপান্তর করা যায়।
Example:
He always helps the poor.
→ Does he ever fail to help the poor?
অথবা:
Does he not always help the poor?
১৯. Never থাকলে
Never-এর ক্ষেত্রে অনেক সময় positive interrogative হয়।
Example:
He never tells a lie.
→ Does he ever tell a lie?
২০. No one → Who
No one can deny the truth.
→ Who can deny the truth?
২১. Nobody → Who
Nobody can escape death.
→ Who can escape death?
২২. Nothing → What
Nothing can stop him.
→ What can stop him?
২৩. No man → Who
No man can live without food.
→ Who can live without food?
২৪. No one can deny → Who can deny
এটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ পরীক্ষার pattern।
No one can deny that he is honest.
→ Who can deny that he is honest?
আরও:
No one can deny the importance of education.
→ Who can deny the importance of education?
২৫. It is impossible to…
এ ধরনের বাক্যে rhetorical question করা যায়।
It is impossible to deny his honesty.
→ Who can deny his honesty?
২৬. It is not possible to…
It is not possible to deny his greatness.
→ Who can deny his greatness?
২৭. It is useless to…
Assertive:
It is useless to cry over spilt milk.
Interrogative:
What is the use of crying over spilt milk?
এটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ transformation।
২৮. There is no use in…
There is no use in crying over spilt milk.
→ What is the use of crying over spilt milk?
২৯. It is no use…
It is no use arguing with him.
→ What is the use of arguing with him?
৩০. There is no doubt…
There is no doubt that he is honest.
→ Is there any doubt that he is honest?
৩১. Undoubtedly
Undoubtedly, he is honest.
→ Is there any doubt that he is honest?
৩২. Certainly / Surely
Surely, he will help us.
→ Will he not surely help us?
অথবা context অনুযায়ী:
Can anyone doubt that he will help us?
৩৩. It is true that…
It is true that he is honest.
→ Is it not true that he is honest?
৩৪. It is certain that…
It is certain that he will come.
→ Is it not certain that he will come?
৩৫. It is impossible that…
It is impossible that he can do this.
→ Is it possible that he can do this?
৩৬. Very few
Very few men are completely honest.
→ Are many men completely honest?
অর্থের সূক্ষ্মতা অনুযায়ী প্রশ্নটি তৈরি করতে হবে।
৩৭. Comparative Degree
Comparative sentence-কে Interrogative করার সময় Who/What is… ব্যবহার করা যায়।
Example:
Who is greater than Shakespeare?
এটি একটি rhetorical question হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা যায় যদি Assertive অর্থ হয়:
No one is greater than Shakespeare.
৩৮. Superlative Degree
Assertive:
He is the best boy in the class.
Interrogative:
Who is better than he in the class?
আরও natural rhetorical form:
Who can be better than he in the class?
তবে পরীক্ষায় transformation-এর নির্দিষ্ট কাঠামো অনুসরণ করতে হবে।
৩৯. The best → Who … better
Dhaka is the largest city in Bangladesh.
→ Which city in Bangladesh is larger than Dhaka?
যদি অর্থ হয় “Dhaka-এর চেয়ে বড় আর কোনো শহর নেই”।
৪০. Too … to
Too…to-যুক্ত Assertive sentence-কে Interrogative করা যায়:
He is too weak to walk.
→ Is he strong enough to walk?
এখানে অর্থের equivalence context অনুযায়ী রাখতে হবে।
৪১. So … that
He is so weak that he cannot walk.
→ Is he strong enough to walk?
৪২. Impossible
Nothing is impossible to a brave man.
→ What is impossible to a brave man?
৪৩. Possible
Everything is possible to a willing heart.
→ What is impossible to a willing heart?
৪৪. Needless to say
Needless to say, he is honest.
→ Is it necessary to say that he is honest?
৪৫. It is needless to…
It is needless to say that he is honest.
→ Is it necessary to say that he is honest?
৪৬. It is natural that…
It is natural that a mother loves her child.
→ Is it not natural that a mother loves her child?
৪৭. It is strange that…
It is strange that he has failed.
→ Is it not strange that he has failed?
৪৮. What a…! ধরনের Exclamatory বাক্যের সঙ্গে সম্পর্ক
যদিও এটি সরাসরি Assertive → Interrogative rule নয়, পরীক্ষায় কাছাকাছি আসে।
It is a very beautiful flower.
→ Is it not a very beautiful flower?
৪৯. There is no…
Example:
There is no man who does not love freedom.
→ Who does not love freedom?
৫০. No one can…
Example:
No one can deny the importance of education.
→ Who can deny the importance of education?
🔥 সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Conversion Table
| Assertive | Interrogative |
| Everybody | Who does not…? |
| Everyone | Who does not…? |
| Nobody | Who…? |
| No one | Who…? |
| No man | Who…? |
| Nothing | What…? |
| Only Rahim | Who but Rahim…? |
| Only God | Who but God…? |
| Only hard work | What but hard work…? |
| Always | Does … ever fail…? |
| Never | Does … ever…? |
| No doubt | Is there any doubt…? |
| It is true | Is it not true…? |
| It is certain | Is it not certain…? |
| It is impossible | Is it possible…? |
| It is useless | What is the use…? |
| There is no use | What is the use…? |
| All | Who does not…? |
| Every | Who/What does not…? |
| Positive statement | Negative question |
| Negative statement | Positive question |
⭐ Auxiliary Verb-এর নিয়ম
| Assertive-এ আছে | Interrogative-এ |
| is | Is |
| am | Am |
| are | Are |
| was | Was |
| were | Were |
| can | Can |
| could | Could |
| may | May |
| might | Might |
| shall | Shall |
| should | Should |
| will | Will |
| would | Would |
| must | Must |
| have | Have |
| has | Has |
| had | Had |
Auxiliary না থাকলে:
do / does / did
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ সতর্কতা
❌ শুধু Question Mark দিলেই Interrogative হয় না
He is a good boy? ❌
এটি grammatical transformation নয়।
সঠিক:
Is he not a good boy? ✅
২০টি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Practice
১.
He is an honest man.
→ Is he not an honest man?
২.
He is not a bad boy.
→ Is he a bad boy?
৩.
Everybody loves freedom.
→ Who does not love freedom?
৪.
Nobody can deny the truth.
→ Who can deny the truth?
৫.
Only Rahim can solve the problem.
→ Who but Rahim can solve the problem?
৬.
Only God can help us.
→ Who but God can help us?
৭.
Nothing can stop him.
→ What can stop him?
৮.
He always helps the poor.
→ Does he ever fail to help the poor?
৯.
He never tells a lie.
→ Does he ever tell a lie?
১০.
There is no doubt that he is honest.
→ Is there any doubt that he is honest?
১১.
It is true that he is honest.
→ Is it not true that he is honest?
১২.
It is impossible to deny his greatness.
→ Who can deny his greatness?
১৩.
It is useless to cry over spilt milk.
→ What is the use of crying over spilt milk?
১৪.
He can do the work.
→ Can he not do the work?
১৫.
He plays football.
→ Does he not play football?
১৬.
They went there.
→ Did they not go there?
১৭.
We should obey our parents.
→ Should we not obey our parents?
১৮.
All men are mortal.
→ Who does not know that all men are mortal?
১৯.
Every mother loves her child.
→ What mother does not love her child?
২০.
He is the best student in the class.
→ Who is better than he in the class?
🎯 চাকরির পরীক্ষার জন্য Top 15 Formula
Positive Assertive
↓
Negative Interrogative
Negative Assertive
↓
Positive Interrogative
Everybody/Everyone
↓
Who does not…?
Nobody/No one
↓
Who…?
Nothing
↓
What…?
Only + Person
↓
Who but…?
Only + Thing
↓
What but…?
Always
↓
Does … ever fail…?
Never
↓
Does … ever…?
No doubt
↓
Is there any doubt…?
It is true
↓
Is it not true…?
It is useless
↓
What is the use…?
It is impossible
↓
Who can…?
Superlative
↓
Who/What can be better than…?