Posted by Simple sentence-কে Compound sentence-এ রূপান্তর করার মূল উদ্দেশ্য হলো—অর্থ অপরিবর্তিত রেখে একটি Principal Clause-কে দুই বা ততোধিক Independent Clause-এ পরিণত করা এবং তাদের coordinating conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত করা।
Compound Sentence-এর প্রধান Conjunction
and, but, or, so, therefore, yet, otherwise, for, while, whereas ইত্যাদি।
১. Participle → And
Simple sentence-এ V-ing থাকলে অনেক সময় সেটিকে দুটি clause-এ ভেঙে and ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Simple:
He saw the police and ran away.
এটি মূলত compound-ই।
আরও স্পষ্টভাবে:
Simple: Seeing the police, the thief ran away.
Compound: The thief saw the police and ran away.
Simple: Opening the door, he entered the room.
Compound: He opened the door and entered the room.
Formula:
V-ing phrase + main clause → Clause + and + Clause
২. Being → And
Simple: Being tired, he went to bed.
Compound: He was tired and he went to bed.
Simple: Being poor, he could not buy the car.
Compound: He was poor and he could not buy the car.
৩. Having + V³ → And
Simple: Having finished the work, he went home.
Compound: He finished the work and went home.
Simple: Having taken his meal, he went to bed.
Compound: He took his meal and went to bed.
Formula:
Having + V³ → Clause + and + Clause
৪. In spite of / Despite → But
Simple sentence-এ in spite of / despite থাকলে Compound করার সময় সাধারণত but ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Simple: In spite of his poverty, he is happy.
Compound: He is poor but he is happy.
Simple: Despite being ill, he attended the class.
Compound: He was ill but he attended the class.
Formula:
In spite of/Despite → but
৫. Because of → So
Simple: Because of his illness, he could not attend the class.
Compound: He was ill, so he could not attend the class.
Simple: Because of heavy rain, we could not go out.
Compound: It rained heavily, so we could not go out.
Formula:
Because of + noun → Clause + so + Clause
৬. Due to → So
Simple: Due to heavy rain, the match was stopped.
Compound: It rained heavily, so the match was stopped.
Simple: Due to his negligence, he failed.
Compound: He was negligent, so he failed.
৭. Because → For
Complex sentence-এর because-কে Compound করার সময় অনেক ক্ষেত্রে for ব্যবহার করা যায়।
Complex: He could not attend the class because he was ill.
Compound: He was ill, for he could not attend the class.
তবে অর্থের দিক থেকে because → for সব বাক্যে সরাসরি ব্যবহার করা উচিত নয়।
৮. Too…to → Very…and cannot
Simple: He is too weak to walk.
Compound: He is very weak and he cannot walk.
Simple: The box is too heavy for me to carry.
Compound: The box is very heavy and I cannot carry it.
Formula:
too + adjective + to → very + adjective + and cannot/could not
৯. To + Verb → And
উদ্দেশ্য বোঝাতে to + V¹ থাকলে অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Compound sentence-এ and ব্যবহার করা যায়।
Simple: He went to the market to buy fish.
Compound: He went to the market and bought fish.
Simple: He went to Dhaka to get a job.
Compound: He went to Dhaka and got a job.
⚠️ তবে সব ক্ষেত্রে অর্থ একদম একই থাকবে না। উদ্দেশ্য বোঝালে so that-ও ব্যবহার করা যায়, যা Complex sentence তৈরি করে।
১০. Without → Otherwise / Or
Simple: Without working hard, you cannot succeed.
Compound: Work hard, otherwise you cannot succeed.
অথবা:
Simple: Without taking medicine, you cannot recover.
Compound: Take medicine, or you cannot recover.
Formula:
Without + V-ing → Imperative + otherwise/or + clause
১১. By + V-ing → And
Simple: By working hard, you can succeed.
Compound: Work hard and you can succeed.
Simple: By following the rules, you can avoid the problem.
Compound: Follow the rules and you can avoid the problem.
১২. On/Upon + V-ing → And
Simple: On seeing the police, the thief ran away.
Compound: The thief saw the police and ran away.
Simple: On reaching home, he called me.
Compound: He reached home and called me.
১৩. Present Participle → And
Simple: The boy went to school carrying a bag.
Compound: The boy went to school and carried a bag.
Simple: He entered the room smiling.
Compound: He entered the room and smiled.
১৪. Perfect Participle → And
Simple: Having completed the project, they submitted it.
Compound: They completed the project and submitted it.
Simple: Having heard the news, he became happy.
Compound: He heard the news and became happy.
১৫. Absolute Phrase → And
Simple: The weather being fine, we went out.
Compound: The weather was fine and we went out.
Simple: The sun having set, we returned home.
Compound: The sun had set and we returned home.
১৬. Adjective Phrase → And
Simple: He is a poor man.
এটি Simple, কিন্তু অর্থের ওপর ভিত্তি করে Compound করা যায়:
Compound: He is poor and he is honest.
আরও একটি:
Simple: Despite being poor, he is honest.
Compound: He is poor but he is honest.
১৭. Infinitive of Purpose → And
Simple: He went to the library to read books.
Compound: He went to the library and read books.
Simple: She went to the market to buy vegetables.
Compound: She went to the market and bought vegetables.
১৮. In order to → And
Simple: He works hard in order to succeed.
Compound: He works hard and succeeds.
তবে বাস্তব অর্থের ক্ষেত্রে:
Simple: He went to Dhaka in order to get a job.
Compound: He went to Dhaka and tried to get a job.
১৯. Noun Phrase → Clause + And
Simple: At the sight of the police, the thief ran away.
Compound: The thief saw the police and ran away.
Simple: At the news of his success, his parents became happy.
Compound: His parents heard the news of his success and became happy.
২০. In spite of → But
এটি চাকরির পরীক্ষায় অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
| Simple | Compound |
| In spite of his poverty, he is honest. | He is poor but he is honest. |
| Despite his illness, he came to school. | He was ill but he came to school. |
| In spite of being tired, he worked. | He was tired but he worked. |
২১. Because of → So
| Simple | Compound |
| Because of rain, we stayed home. | It rained, so we stayed home. |
| Because of his illness, he was absent. | He was ill, so he was absent. |
| Because of his negligence, he failed. | He was negligent, so he failed. |
২২. Without → Otherwise
| Simple | Compound |
| Without working hard, you cannot succeed. | Work hard, otherwise you cannot succeed. |
| Without obeying the rules, you cannot enter. | Obey the rules, otherwise you cannot enter. |
২৩. Too…to → And cannot
| Simple | Compound |
| He is too weak to walk. | He is very weak and he cannot walk. |
| The box is too heavy for me to lift. | The box is very heavy and I cannot lift it. |
| He was too tired to work. | He was very tired and he could not work. |
২৪. Simple → Compound: বিশেষ পরীক্ষার Shortcut
১. কারণ বোঝালে
Because of → so
Because of his illness, he was absent.
→ He was ill, so he was absent.
২. বৈপরীত্য বোঝালে
In spite of/Despite → but
In spite of his poverty, he is happy.
→ He is poor, but he is happy.
৩. শর্ত বোঝালে
Without → otherwise/or
Without working hard, you cannot succeed.
→ Work hard, otherwise you cannot succeed.
৪. ধারাবাহিক কাজ বোঝালে
V-ing/Having + V³ → and
Having finished the work, he went home.
→ He finished the work and went home.
৫. অতিরিক্ত মাত্রা বোঝালে
Too…to → and cannot
He is too weak to walk.
→ He is very weak and he cannot walk.
৬. উদ্দেশ্য বোঝালে
To + V¹ → and
He went to the market to buy fish.
→ He went to the market and bought fish.
Simple → Compound → Complex একই বাক্যে
এটি পরীক্ষার জন্য খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
Example 1
Simple: Being ill, he could not attend the class.
Compound: He was ill, so he could not attend the class.
Complex: As he was ill, he could not attend the class.
Example 2
Simple: In spite of his poverty, he is honest.
Compound: He is poor, but he is honest.
Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
Example 3
Simple: Having finished the work, he went home.
Compound: He finished the work and went home.
Complex: After he had finished the work, he went home.
Example 4
Simple: Without working hard, you cannot succeed.
Compound: Work hard, otherwise you cannot succeed.
Complex: Unless you work hard, you cannot succeed.
Example 5
Simple: He is too weak to walk.
Compound: He is very weak and he cannot walk.
Complex: He is so weak that he cannot walk.
এক নজরে Transformation Chart
| Simple | Compound | Complex |
| Being ill | He was ill and/so… | As/Because he was ill |
| V-ing | Clause and Clause | When/While/As + clause |
| Having + V³ | Clause and Clause | After + clause |
| In spite of | but | though/although |
| Despite | but | though/although |
| Because of | so | because/as/since |
| Due to | so | because/as/since |
| Without | otherwise/or | if…not/unless |
| By + V-ing | and | if/when |
| On + V-ing | and | when/as soon as |
| Too…to | and cannot | so…that…cannot |
| To + V¹ | and | so that |
| Absolute phrase | and | when/as/since |
মনে রাখার সহজ সূত্র
Simple → Compound
Phrase বাদ → পূর্ণ Subject + Verb বসাও → উপযুক্ত Conjunction দাও
সবচেয়ে বেশি ব্যবহৃত conjunction:
AND = যোগ/ক্রম
BUT = বৈপরীত্য
SO = ফলাফল
OR = বিকল্প
OTHERWISE = না হলে
FOR = কারণ
YET = তবুও
এগুলো ভালোভাবে আয়ত্ত করলে Simple → Compound transformation-এর অধিকাংশ চাকরির পরীক্ষার প্রশ্ন সহজেই সমাধান করা যায়।